Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) – or consumer packaged goods (CPG) - are products that are sold quickly and at relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable goods such as soft drinks, toiletries and grocery items. These FMCGs are generally replaced or fully used up over a short period of days, weeks, or months, and within one year. FMCGs have a short shelf life, either as a result of high consumer demand or because the product deteriorates rapidly. Some FMCGs – such as meat, fruits and vegetables, dairy products and baked goods – are highly perishable. Other goods such as alcohol, toiletries, pre-packaged foods, soft drinks and cleaning products have high turnover rates.

The following are the main characteristics of FMCGs:

• High volumes
• Low contribution margins
• Extensive distribution networks
• High stock turnover

This often includes bulk distribution to retailers and smaller mailings direct to consumers.